Blogs >> Education & Books >>
FACTS ABOUT INDIA!
Everything about India!
1. English is the major language of trade and politics, but there are fourteen official languages in all. There are twenty-four languages that are spoken by a million people or more, and countless other dialects..
2. India has total of 114 languages and 216 mother tongues, 18 scheduled languages and 96 unscheduled languages. The people of India speak many languages and dialects which are mostly varieties of about 15 principal languages
3. India is a federal republic comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories.
4. India has a 65 Mountains and Hills.
5. India has 398 Daily Newspapers.
6. India has 562 television stations.
7. India has 312 Radio Stations.
8. India is called the Land of Rivers having more than 150 Rivers.
9. India has 5 Great deserts in which Thar Desert is the Biggest.
10. India has the (longest length 6381m) and deepest caves of the world.
11. The World's Largest Banyan Tree Is in India in botanical garden near Kolkata with a crown circumference of over 330 meters.
12. India has more than 135 Water Falls. Jog Falls in Karnataka in India is the highest waterfall in India.
13. Hinduism is the dominant faith of India, serving about 80 percent of the population. Ten percent worship Islam, and 5 percent are Sikhs and Christians; the rest (a good 45 million) are Buddhists, Jains, Bahai, and more. Christianity is India's third-largest religion, following Hinduism and Islam.
14. The Arabian Sea is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India. The Bay of Bengal is a bay that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered by India and Sri Lanka to the West, Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal to the North.
15. The tropical rain forest comprises Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Western ghats, West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which receive heavy rainfall. These areas are covered with evergreen forests. Arunachal Pardesh is India's only surviving rainforest.
16. The Bangalore City in Karnataka is called as Silicon Valley of India, Electronics City, and Garden City of India.
17. Bharath Gyan, a Chennai-based NGO engaged in research on India's traditions and culture, has produced a report which states that Lord Ram did indeed exist, and even put a date on his birth: January 10, 5114 BCE (Before the Christian Era)
18. Mathematician named Pingala also developed a numbering system similar to what we refer to as the binary system. They were also the first to use 0 as a placeholder in numbers such as 809 and 89.
19. Sushruta (also spelled Susruta or Sushrutha) (c. 6th century BC) was a renowned surgeon of ancient India, and the author of the book Sushruta Samhita. In his book, he described over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgical procedures and classifies human surgery into 8 categories.He lived and taught and practiced his art on the banks of the Ganga in the area that corresponds to the present day city of Varanasi in North India.
20. The Indian mathematician Aryabhata in 499, gave tables of half chords which are now known as sine tables, along with cosine tables in Trignometry.
21. 800 BC: Indian mathematician Baudhayana, in his Baudhayana Sulba Sutra, discovers Pythagorean triples algebraically, finds geometric solutions of linear equations and quadratic equations of the forms ax2 = c and ax2 + bx = c, and finds two sets of positive integral solutions to a set of simultaneous Diophantine equations
22. 600 BC: Indian mathematician Apastamba, in his Apastamba Sulba Sutra, solves the general linear equation and uses simultaneous Diophantine equations with up to five unknowns
23. 100 BC: The Bakhshali Manuscript written in ancient India uses a form of algebraic notation using letters of the alphabet and other signs, and contains cubic and quartic equations, algebraic solutions of linear equations with up to five unknowns, the general algebraic formula for the quadratic equation, and solutions of indeterminate quadratic equations and simultaneous equations.
24. Circa 1400: Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagramma finds iterative methods for approximate solution of non-linear equations.
25. 1114: Indian mathematician Bhaskara, in his Bijaganita (Algebra), recognizes that a positive number has both a positive and negative square root, and solves various cubic, quartic and higher-order polynomial equations, as well as the general quadratic indeterminant equation.
26. Earliest known precise celestial calculations: Aryabhata, an Indian Mathematician (c. 500AD) accurately calculated celestial constants like earth's rotation per solar orbit, days per solar orbit, days per lunar orbit.
27. Panini (c 400BC), in his Astadhyayi, gave formal production rules and definitions to describe Sanskrit grammar. Starting with about 1700 fundamental elements, like nouns, verbs, vowels and consonents, he put them into classes. The construction of sentences, compound nouns etc. was explained as ordered rules operating on underlying fundamental structures.
28. Indian culture is the oldest living culture and indian is the oldest civilization in the world
29. The World's first university was established in Takshila in 700BC.More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects.
30. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century BC was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
31. Sanskrit is the mother of all the European languages. Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software reported in Forbes magazine, July 1987.
32. India is.......the Largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest country in the world AND one of the most ancient and living civilizations (at least 10, 000 years old).
33. The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat.' The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. Later through time, the game underwent several modifications but the meaning is the same i.e good deeds take us to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.
34. The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after levelling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.
35. Although modern images & descriptions of India often show poverty, India was one of the richest countries till the time of British in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India's wealth and was looking for route to India when he discovered America by mistake
36. The art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh 6000 over years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.
37. The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, which was long before the European mathematicians.
38. Until 1896, India was the only source for diamonds to the world. ( Source . Gemological Institute of America )
39. The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.
40. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism, physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.
41. The name `India’ is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu. The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name `Hindustan’ combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.
42. The first six Mogul Emperor's of India ruled in an unbroken succession from father to son for two hundred years, from 1526 to 1707.
43. The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The shikhara is made from a single ' 80-tonne ' piece of granite. Also, this magnificient temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.
44. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.
45. Chess was invented in India
46. Vinod Khosla is the co-founder of Sun Microsystems
47. Vinod Dahm is the creator of Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of the today’s computers run on it.
48. The third richest man on the world is According to the latest report on Fortune Magazine, it is AZIM PREMJI, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at 6th position now.
49. Sabeer Bhatia is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is world’s No.1 web based email program
50. Arun Netravalli is the president of AT & T-Bell Labs (AT & T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few.
51. Rajiv Gupta is the GM of Hewlett Packard.
52. Sanjay Tejwrika is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible to iron out all initial problems.
53. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, Mckensey & Stanchart.
54. 38% of doctors in USA are Indians,12% scientists in USA are Indians,36% of NASA scientists are Indians,34% of Microsoft employees are Indians,28% of IBM employees are Indians,17% of INTEL scientists are Indians,13% of XEROX employees are Indians.
55. Indira Gandhi, one of the best-known women of the 20th century, was Prime Minister of India.
56. DR. INDIRA HINDUJA - She was the first Indian doctor to produce a test tube baby.
57. KALPANA CHAWLA- She was a Tomboy, growing up in Karnal in Haryana. She learned Karate in her early years and she dared to dream. She had a special likening for flying. She qualified from over 2962 applicants to earn herself a place in the Space Shuttle Columbia for a 16 day out of the world experience. The NASA chief called her a "Terrific astronaut". The U.S. space shuttle Columbia with a seven-member crew that included Chawla, 41, disintegrated in flames over central Texas shortly before it was scheduled to land at Cape Canaversal in Florida. On February 1, 2003, at an altitude of 63 kilometers and a velocity of 20,000 km/hr, Columbia disintegrated killing Kalpana and her six colleagues.The satellite serves to perpetuate the memory of Kalpana who sacrificed her life to the cause of peaceful uses of outer space.
58. KIRAN BEDI - "It is always possible" is the philosophy of her life. She is a Magsaysay Award winner for her writings. She is the most controversial IPS woman officer who was known for hauling off illegally parked cars in the city of Delhi, cleaning the Augean Stables of Tihar Jail. In between she ruffled a few feathers
59. M.S.SUBBULAKSHMI- She had the voice of an angel and a face to match. She brought Bhakthi to her music like none other. It was purely spiritual quality that set her apart from many other voices. Incomparable, unsurpassable, she was one of India's two nightingales. One of the most influential singers of the last century she died on 11 December 2004 in Chennai in India. Her death is a great loss not only to Carnatic music but also to the entire music world.
60. MANEKA GANDHI - She is the young "Bahu" of the Gandhi family. She is a dedicated and vocal environmentalist who crusades for the cause of animal rights which often land up her in controversies. She also fights for human rights and has freed many children working in the carpet industry.
61. MEDHA PATKAR -She is a frail, prematurely graying figure who is fighting for the largest displacement of people on the banks of the Narmada. She is against the combined forces of the World Bank, The Government of India and an army of vested interests. She carries the struggle onwards through her other social crusades via the National Alliance of People's Movement.
62. NAJMA HEPTULLAH - She has been the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha for three terms, an achievement nobody has equaled so far. During the tenure she maintained a fair play and at the same time maintained her dignity and control amidst the intemperate proceedings that often prevailed. One of her other successful projects outside the Parliament has been the setting of two all-woman post offices in Mumbai.
63. Pilavullakandi Thekaparambil Usha- She is a woman of great determination. At the 1984 Olympics she heart-stoppingly came near to winning India its first bronze medal in athletics but missed it by the skin of her teeth. At the Asian Athletic events at Jakarta in 1985 she won many medals and got a huge haul of medals at the 8th Asian Games in Seoul.
64. REITA FARIA - She was the first Indian woman to win the Miss world title in 1966. She made the whole world sit up and look at India. By winning the crown, she showed the way for later competitors and gave them a confidence that they can take the world by storm. After her one year tenure she refused modeling and films and concentrated on medical studies which is a sure act to make the present day Miss Worlds to look up on their promised professions
65. SHOBHA DE - She was prefixed as the rebel but now her writings sound matronly. Now and then she splutters with rage over the misdoings of the younger generations. She can be held responsible for the speeding up of the pace of sexual revolution in India with her sensuous novels
66. SHAHNAZ HUSSAIN - She is the mother of all herbal cosmetics in India. Behind the veils lies a woman with sheer determination and hard work. Her creams and lotions have found their way into salons in different parts of the globe. She has 650 salons at 104 countries
67. USHA UTHUP - Her rich and resonant voice can be described as honey flowing on gravel! Her identifications are that plump figure, Kancheevaram saris, clinging glass bangles and a big Bindi. She sings in 14 languages and is incredibly staying still in this field.
68. ARUNDHATI ROY- She is a great writer and won the Booker Prize for her debut novel, "the God of small things". She is a vociferous supporter of the rights of Phoolan Devi.
69. Kiran Majumdar-Shaw- Biotech entrepreneur.She is the CEO of Biocon India Corp. She was born in Bangalore and educated in Bishop Cotton Girls School and then Mount Carmel College. She started Biocon in 1978 collaborating with an Irish firm, floated 2 joint ventures, Biochemizyme and Biocon-Quest India Ltd.
70. SANIA MIRZA- Sania Mirza became the first Indian to have won a Grand Slam title when she triumphed in the girls' doubles event at Wimbledon , partnering Alisa Kleybanova of Russia. She won the Wimbledon junior girls' doubles title and became their "brand ambassador" for 2004 - the year of the girl child.
71. ANJU BOBBY GEORGE - Anju Bobby George, made history when she won the bronze medal in Long Jump at the World Athletics Championships 2003 in Paris. With this achievement, she became the first Indian athlete ever to win a medal in a World Athletics Championship clearing 6.70 m. Anju now ranks 6th in the world. She also participated in the 2004 Olympics finishing 4th in her event.
72. JAYALALITHAA - Film star turned politician. For her all the world's a stage and she is moving from spotlight to spotlight. She is the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
73. SUHASINI MANIRATNAM - She is an award-winning film actress and a film director with a special concern for issues regarding woman. Her marriage with Mani Ratnam, the famous film Director in the South is a plus point for her. We are looking forward from her, many good films.
74. MATA AMRITANANDAMAYI DEVI- God woman. As a child she wanted to serve the poor. Now called as "Amma" she is offering hopes and solace to many needy people in India. She has set up many charitable institutions, educational centers and hospitals
75. ANITA SOOD- She is the first woman who stroked her way powerfully across the English Channel and became the fastest Asian swimmer to have crossed
76. KARNAM MALLESWARI- Weightlifter. She is known as the "iron woman" and she can be rightly called golden woman for all the gold medals she had got for India. To her latest credit is the Bronze medal in the 2000 Sydney Olympic games
77. MADHURI MATHUR- Almost 40 years ago this woman dreamed of a kitchen machine that would blend, chop, mince and totally make her life easier and then discussed it with her Engineer husband Mathur. And then the sumeet mixer was born and is a household name still.
78. DEEPA MEHTA - Director. Her first film "Fire" ran into big controversies but eventually the sensor board released it with little cuts. We are eagerly awaiting more controversial films from her.
79. LATA MANGHESHKAR -She is India's most recognizable voice. Some of her songs are pure and full of pathos that would move us with tears. Even at this age Lata, enthralls everyone despite a number of new generation singers coming up. Nobody can replace this singing Queen.
80. ASHA BHOSLE -All her life she had to play a supporting role for her "Didi". She has a sensuous voice that even Lata can't match. Nobody young or old can match her allure. She is a great songstress who can beat the new generation singers as well.
81. SHEKHAR KAPUR(Director)He is one of the few Indian directors to get up close to the Golden Globe or the Oscar. His "Elizabeth" was a great success story. He is one of the prime members in the Bollywood area.
82. A.R.RAHMAN. He was the first music director to break the North-South divide in the Indian film Industry. Now his talent has crossed several boundaries and he is reaching out to an international audience. He has several laurels to his credit.
83. KUMAR MANGALAM BIRLA(Business Man). He took over the Aditya Birla group in 1995 at the young age of 27 years. He has no hype but just a lot of efficiency. He is now trying to turn India's largest industrial group into a global conglomerate.
84. VISHWANATHAN ANAND(CHESS PLAYER He became the youngest international master in chess and a full-fledged Grandmaster before adulthood. He is one of India's few world champions.
85. SABEER BHATIA (HOTMAIL FAME) He got a cheque from Bill Gates for Rs. 1800 crores when he sold "hotmail" to him. He is expected to strike gold with the e-commerce project he is working with.
86. AMITABH BHACHAN - Amitabh Bachhan is, in popular parlance, the king of Indian cinema, most certainly of the commerical Hindi film.His first appearance was in the movie Saat Hindustani [Seven Indians]. Amitabh introduced the motif of the 'angry young man' to Indian cinema.Amitabh Bachhan has appeared in over 70 films.
87. Virender Sehwag (PLAYER) A hard-hitting middle-order batsman with an excellent temperament, who also is a useful off-spinner, Virender Sehwag's name is now on everybody's lips. He got the award for "Best performance in a Leading Role", For being the only Indian to cross 1000 runs in tests.
88. Sachin Tendulkar (PLAYER) Sachin- The name itself strikes terror in the hearts of bowlers all around the world. Hailed as the next master-blaster following the legacy of the great West Indian Vivian Richards. Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar has secured the prestigious Man of the Tournament award at the ICC Cricket World Cup 2003.
89. Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore was born on January 29, 1970, in Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. The first Indian to win an individual Olympic silver medal - a feat he achieved at Markopoulo Olympic Shooting Centre at Athens on 17th August 2004. Major Rathore’s other achievements include winning of the prestigious ISSF World Cup gold medal at Sydney and three successive gold medals at the first Afro-Asian Games held in Hyderabad.
90. Mr. Narayana Murthy was born on August 20, 1946 in Karnataka, India. He founded Infosys in 1981 along with six software professionals. He is the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Infosys. Business Week chose him as one of "The Stars of Asia" for three successive years, in 1998, 1999 and 2000
91. Dhanraj Pillai was born in Kirkee(Pune), Maharashtra on July 16, 1968. He is the recipient of the Arjuna Puraskar (1995) and the K.K. Birla Award (1998-99) for excellence in Sports in the field of Hockey. He has also received Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (1999) and Padma Shri (2000).
92. Azim Hasham Premji, founder of Wipro Limited, India's biggest and most competitive IT company based in Bangalore, was born on July 24th 1945 in Bombay. He was adjudged the Business Man of the Year 2000 by Business India. In the year 2001, Premji established Azim Premji Foundation, with a vision of influencing the lives of millions of children in India by facilitating the universalisation of elementary education.
93. One of India's most colourful politicians, Mr Laloo Yadav is known for his quirky style, making the most of his humble origins and mass appeal. His problems began in 1996 when the police unearthed a big corruption scandal in which he and the state's leading bureaucrats and politicians were alleged to be involved. As a politician Mr Yadav was groomed by socialist leader Jai Prakash Narayan, who led a student movement in the early seventies.Now he is the Railway Minister in the National Cabinet.
94. Ambani Brothers ,Reliance Industries, one of corporate India's foremost business houses founded by Dhirubhai Ambani. The reins of the country's largest private sector company went to his sons Mukesh and Anil after his death in July 2002. The brothers are currently involved in an imbroglio as to who should own the Rs.6000 crore Industry.
95. SHAHRUKH KHAN(ACTOR) He has acted in some of the biggest blockbusters in Hindi cinema. He has an electric charisma that draws huge fans throughout the country.
96. Dr. Reita Faria Powell [1] (born Bombay,[2] date unknown) was the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title of 1966
97. Miss world 2000 is Priyanka Chopra, Miss World 1999 Yukta Mookhey, Miss world 1994 is Aishwarya Rai is from India.
****************************************
I hope that the following information should be very useful for school & college going students.
Regards,
Vikesh Malhotra
http://aonegermantranslations.synthasite.com
http://aonegermantranslations.weebly.com
http://aonegermantranslations.wordpress.com
1. English is the major language of trade and politics, but there are fourteen official languages in all. There are twenty-four languages that are spoken by a million people or more, and countless other dialects..
2. India has total of 114 languages and 216 mother tongues, 18 scheduled languages and 96 unscheduled languages. The people of India speak many languages and dialects which are mostly varieties of about 15 principal languages
3. India is a federal republic comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories.
4. India has a 65 Mountains and Hills.
5. India has 398 Daily Newspapers.
6. India has 562 television stations.
7. India has 312 Radio Stations.
8. India is called the Land of Rivers having more than 150 Rivers.
9. India has 5 Great deserts in which Thar Desert is the Biggest.
10. India has the (longest length 6381m) and deepest caves of the world.
11. The World's Largest Banyan Tree Is in India in botanical garden near Kolkata with a crown circumference of over 330 meters.
12. India has more than 135 Water Falls. Jog Falls in Karnataka in India is the highest waterfall in India.
13. Hinduism is the dominant faith of India, serving about 80 percent of the population. Ten percent worship Islam, and 5 percent are Sikhs and Christians; the rest (a good 45 million) are Buddhists, Jains, Bahai, and more. Christianity is India's third-largest religion, following Hinduism and Islam.
14. The Arabian Sea is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India. The Bay of Bengal is a bay that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered by India and Sri Lanka to the West, Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal to the North.
15. The tropical rain forest comprises Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Western ghats, West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which receive heavy rainfall. These areas are covered with evergreen forests. Arunachal Pardesh is India's only surviving rainforest.
16. The Bangalore City in Karnataka is called as Silicon Valley of India, Electronics City, and Garden City of India.
17. Bharath Gyan, a Chennai-based NGO engaged in research on India's traditions and culture, has produced a report which states that Lord Ram did indeed exist, and even put a date on his birth: January 10, 5114 BCE (Before the Christian Era)
18. Mathematician named Pingala also developed a numbering system similar to what we refer to as the binary system. They were also the first to use 0 as a placeholder in numbers such as 809 and 89.
19. Sushruta (also spelled Susruta or Sushrutha) (c. 6th century BC) was a renowned surgeon of ancient India, and the author of the book Sushruta Samhita. In his book, he described over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgical procedures and classifies human surgery into 8 categories.He lived and taught and practiced his art on the banks of the Ganga in the area that corresponds to the present day city of Varanasi in North India.
20. The Indian mathematician Aryabhata in 499, gave tables of half chords which are now known as sine tables, along with cosine tables in Trignometry.
21. 800 BC: Indian mathematician Baudhayana, in his Baudhayana Sulba Sutra, discovers Pythagorean triples algebraically, finds geometric solutions of linear equations and quadratic equations of the forms ax2 = c and ax2 + bx = c, and finds two sets of positive integral solutions to a set of simultaneous Diophantine equations
22. 600 BC: Indian mathematician Apastamba, in his Apastamba Sulba Sutra, solves the general linear equation and uses simultaneous Diophantine equations with up to five unknowns
23. 100 BC: The Bakhshali Manuscript written in ancient India uses a form of algebraic notation using letters of the alphabet and other signs, and contains cubic and quartic equations, algebraic solutions of linear equations with up to five unknowns, the general algebraic formula for the quadratic equation, and solutions of indeterminate quadratic equations and simultaneous equations.
24. Circa 1400: Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagramma finds iterative methods for approximate solution of non-linear equations.
25. 1114: Indian mathematician Bhaskara, in his Bijaganita (Algebra), recognizes that a positive number has both a positive and negative square root, and solves various cubic, quartic and higher-order polynomial equations, as well as the general quadratic indeterminant equation.
26. Earliest known precise celestial calculations: Aryabhata, an Indian Mathematician (c. 500AD) accurately calculated celestial constants like earth's rotation per solar orbit, days per solar orbit, days per lunar orbit.
27. Panini (c 400BC), in his Astadhyayi, gave formal production rules and definitions to describe Sanskrit grammar. Starting with about 1700 fundamental elements, like nouns, verbs, vowels and consonents, he put them into classes. The construction of sentences, compound nouns etc. was explained as ordered rules operating on underlying fundamental structures.
28. Indian culture is the oldest living culture and indian is the oldest civilization in the world
29. The World's first university was established in Takshila in 700BC.More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects.
30. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century BC was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
31. Sanskrit is the mother of all the European languages. Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software reported in Forbes magazine, July 1987.
32. India is.......the Largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest country in the world AND one of the most ancient and living civilizations (at least 10, 000 years old).
33. The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat.' The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. Later through time, the game underwent several modifications but the meaning is the same i.e good deeds take us to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.
34. The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after levelling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.
35. Although modern images & descriptions of India often show poverty, India was one of the richest countries till the time of British in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India's wealth and was looking for route to India when he discovered America by mistake
36. The art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh 6000 over years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.
37. The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, which was long before the European mathematicians.
38. Until 1896, India was the only source for diamonds to the world. ( Source . Gemological Institute of America )
39. The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.
40. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism, physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.
41. The name `India’ is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu. The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name `Hindustan’ combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.
42. The first six Mogul Emperor's of India ruled in an unbroken succession from father to son for two hundred years, from 1526 to 1707.
43. The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The shikhara is made from a single ' 80-tonne ' piece of granite. Also, this magnificient temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.
44. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.
45. Chess was invented in India
46. Vinod Khosla is the co-founder of Sun Microsystems
47. Vinod Dahm is the creator of Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of the today’s computers run on it.
48. The third richest man on the world is According to the latest report on Fortune Magazine, it is AZIM PREMJI, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at 6th position now.
49. Sabeer Bhatia is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is world’s No.1 web based email program
50. Arun Netravalli is the president of AT & T-Bell Labs (AT & T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few.
51. Rajiv Gupta is the GM of Hewlett Packard.
52. Sanjay Tejwrika is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible to iron out all initial problems.
53. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, Mckensey & Stanchart.
54. 38% of doctors in USA are Indians,12% scientists in USA are Indians,36% of NASA scientists are Indians,34% of Microsoft employees are Indians,28% of IBM employees are Indians,17% of INTEL scientists are Indians,13% of XEROX employees are Indians.
55. Indira Gandhi, one of the best-known women of the 20th century, was Prime Minister of India.
56. DR. INDIRA HINDUJA - She was the first Indian doctor to produce a test tube baby.
57. KALPANA CHAWLA- She was a Tomboy, growing up in Karnal in Haryana. She learned Karate in her early years and she dared to dream. She had a special likening for flying. She qualified from over 2962 applicants to earn herself a place in the Space Shuttle Columbia for a 16 day out of the world experience. The NASA chief called her a "Terrific astronaut". The U.S. space shuttle Columbia with a seven-member crew that included Chawla, 41, disintegrated in flames over central Texas shortly before it was scheduled to land at Cape Canaversal in Florida. On February 1, 2003, at an altitude of 63 kilometers and a velocity of 20,000 km/hr, Columbia disintegrated killing Kalpana and her six colleagues.The satellite serves to perpetuate the memory of Kalpana who sacrificed her life to the cause of peaceful uses of outer space.
58. KIRAN BEDI - "It is always possible" is the philosophy of her life. She is a Magsaysay Award winner for her writings. She is the most controversial IPS woman officer who was known for hauling off illegally parked cars in the city of Delhi, cleaning the Augean Stables of Tihar Jail. In between she ruffled a few feathers
59. M.S.SUBBULAKSHMI- She had the voice of an angel and a face to match. She brought Bhakthi to her music like none other. It was purely spiritual quality that set her apart from many other voices. Incomparable, unsurpassable, she was one of India's two nightingales. One of the most influential singers of the last century she died on 11 December 2004 in Chennai in India. Her death is a great loss not only to Carnatic music but also to the entire music world.
60. MANEKA GANDHI - She is the young "Bahu" of the Gandhi family. She is a dedicated and vocal environmentalist who crusades for the cause of animal rights which often land up her in controversies. She also fights for human rights and has freed many children working in the carpet industry.
61. MEDHA PATKAR -She is a frail, prematurely graying figure who is fighting for the largest displacement of people on the banks of the Narmada. She is against the combined forces of the World Bank, The Government of India and an army of vested interests. She carries the struggle onwards through her other social crusades via the National Alliance of People's Movement.
62. NAJMA HEPTULLAH - She has been the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha for three terms, an achievement nobody has equaled so far. During the tenure she maintained a fair play and at the same time maintained her dignity and control amidst the intemperate proceedings that often prevailed. One of her other successful projects outside the Parliament has been the setting of two all-woman post offices in Mumbai.
63. Pilavullakandi Thekaparambil Usha- She is a woman of great determination. At the 1984 Olympics she heart-stoppingly came near to winning India its first bronze medal in athletics but missed it by the skin of her teeth. At the Asian Athletic events at Jakarta in 1985 she won many medals and got a huge haul of medals at the 8th Asian Games in Seoul.
64. REITA FARIA - She was the first Indian woman to win the Miss world title in 1966. She made the whole world sit up and look at India. By winning the crown, she showed the way for later competitors and gave them a confidence that they can take the world by storm. After her one year tenure she refused modeling and films and concentrated on medical studies which is a sure act to make the present day Miss Worlds to look up on their promised professions
65. SHOBHA DE - She was prefixed as the rebel but now her writings sound matronly. Now and then she splutters with rage over the misdoings of the younger generations. She can be held responsible for the speeding up of the pace of sexual revolution in India with her sensuous novels
66. SHAHNAZ HUSSAIN - She is the mother of all herbal cosmetics in India. Behind the veils lies a woman with sheer determination and hard work. Her creams and lotions have found their way into salons in different parts of the globe. She has 650 salons at 104 countries
67. USHA UTHUP - Her rich and resonant voice can be described as honey flowing on gravel! Her identifications are that plump figure, Kancheevaram saris, clinging glass bangles and a big Bindi. She sings in 14 languages and is incredibly staying still in this field.
68. ARUNDHATI ROY- She is a great writer and won the Booker Prize for her debut novel, "the God of small things". She is a vociferous supporter of the rights of Phoolan Devi.
69. Kiran Majumdar-Shaw- Biotech entrepreneur.She is the CEO of Biocon India Corp. She was born in Bangalore and educated in Bishop Cotton Girls School and then Mount Carmel College. She started Biocon in 1978 collaborating with an Irish firm, floated 2 joint ventures, Biochemizyme and Biocon-Quest India Ltd.
70. SANIA MIRZA- Sania Mirza became the first Indian to have won a Grand Slam title when she triumphed in the girls' doubles event at Wimbledon , partnering Alisa Kleybanova of Russia. She won the Wimbledon junior girls' doubles title and became their "brand ambassador" for 2004 - the year of the girl child.
71. ANJU BOBBY GEORGE - Anju Bobby George, made history when she won the bronze medal in Long Jump at the World Athletics Championships 2003 in Paris. With this achievement, she became the first Indian athlete ever to win a medal in a World Athletics Championship clearing 6.70 m. Anju now ranks 6th in the world. She also participated in the 2004 Olympics finishing 4th in her event.
72. JAYALALITHAA - Film star turned politician. For her all the world's a stage and she is moving from spotlight to spotlight. She is the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
73. SUHASINI MANIRATNAM - She is an award-winning film actress and a film director with a special concern for issues regarding woman. Her marriage with Mani Ratnam, the famous film Director in the South is a plus point for her. We are looking forward from her, many good films.
74. MATA AMRITANANDAMAYI DEVI- God woman. As a child she wanted to serve the poor. Now called as "Amma" she is offering hopes and solace to many needy people in India. She has set up many charitable institutions, educational centers and hospitals
75. ANITA SOOD- She is the first woman who stroked her way powerfully across the English Channel and became the fastest Asian swimmer to have crossed
76. KARNAM MALLESWARI- Weightlifter. She is known as the "iron woman" and she can be rightly called golden woman for all the gold medals she had got for India. To her latest credit is the Bronze medal in the 2000 Sydney Olympic games
77. MADHURI MATHUR- Almost 40 years ago this woman dreamed of a kitchen machine that would blend, chop, mince and totally make her life easier and then discussed it with her Engineer husband Mathur. And then the sumeet mixer was born and is a household name still.
78. DEEPA MEHTA - Director. Her first film "Fire" ran into big controversies but eventually the sensor board released it with little cuts. We are eagerly awaiting more controversial films from her.
79. LATA MANGHESHKAR -She is India's most recognizable voice. Some of her songs are pure and full of pathos that would move us with tears. Even at this age Lata, enthralls everyone despite a number of new generation singers coming up. Nobody can replace this singing Queen.
80. ASHA BHOSLE -All her life she had to play a supporting role for her "Didi". She has a sensuous voice that even Lata can't match. Nobody young or old can match her allure. She is a great songstress who can beat the new generation singers as well.
81. SHEKHAR KAPUR(Director)He is one of the few Indian directors to get up close to the Golden Globe or the Oscar. His "Elizabeth" was a great success story. He is one of the prime members in the Bollywood area.
82. A.R.RAHMAN. He was the first music director to break the North-South divide in the Indian film Industry. Now his talent has crossed several boundaries and he is reaching out to an international audience. He has several laurels to his credit.
83. KUMAR MANGALAM BIRLA(Business Man). He took over the Aditya Birla group in 1995 at the young age of 27 years. He has no hype but just a lot of efficiency. He is now trying to turn India's largest industrial group into a global conglomerate.
84. VISHWANATHAN ANAND(CHESS PLAYER He became the youngest international master in chess and a full-fledged Grandmaster before adulthood. He is one of India's few world champions.
85. SABEER BHATIA (HOTMAIL FAME) He got a cheque from Bill Gates for Rs. 1800 crores when he sold "hotmail" to him. He is expected to strike gold with the e-commerce project he is working with.
86. AMITABH BHACHAN - Amitabh Bachhan is, in popular parlance, the king of Indian cinema, most certainly of the commerical Hindi film.His first appearance was in the movie Saat Hindustani [Seven Indians]. Amitabh introduced the motif of the 'angry young man' to Indian cinema.Amitabh Bachhan has appeared in over 70 films.
87. Virender Sehwag (PLAYER) A hard-hitting middle-order batsman with an excellent temperament, who also is a useful off-spinner, Virender Sehwag's name is now on everybody's lips. He got the award for "Best performance in a Leading Role", For being the only Indian to cross 1000 runs in tests.
88. Sachin Tendulkar (PLAYER) Sachin- The name itself strikes terror in the hearts of bowlers all around the world. Hailed as the next master-blaster following the legacy of the great West Indian Vivian Richards. Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar has secured the prestigious Man of the Tournament award at the ICC Cricket World Cup 2003.
89. Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore was born on January 29, 1970, in Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. The first Indian to win an individual Olympic silver medal - a feat he achieved at Markopoulo Olympic Shooting Centre at Athens on 17th August 2004. Major Rathore’s other achievements include winning of the prestigious ISSF World Cup gold medal at Sydney and three successive gold medals at the first Afro-Asian Games held in Hyderabad.
90. Mr. Narayana Murthy was born on August 20, 1946 in Karnataka, India. He founded Infosys in 1981 along with six software professionals. He is the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Infosys. Business Week chose him as one of "The Stars of Asia" for three successive years, in 1998, 1999 and 2000
91. Dhanraj Pillai was born in Kirkee(Pune), Maharashtra on July 16, 1968. He is the recipient of the Arjuna Puraskar (1995) and the K.K. Birla Award (1998-99) for excellence in Sports in the field of Hockey. He has also received Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (1999) and Padma Shri (2000).
92. Azim Hasham Premji, founder of Wipro Limited, India's biggest and most competitive IT company based in Bangalore, was born on July 24th 1945 in Bombay. He was adjudged the Business Man of the Year 2000 by Business India. In the year 2001, Premji established Azim Premji Foundation, with a vision of influencing the lives of millions of children in India by facilitating the universalisation of elementary education.
93. One of India's most colourful politicians, Mr Laloo Yadav is known for his quirky style, making the most of his humble origins and mass appeal. His problems began in 1996 when the police unearthed a big corruption scandal in which he and the state's leading bureaucrats and politicians were alleged to be involved. As a politician Mr Yadav was groomed by socialist leader Jai Prakash Narayan, who led a student movement in the early seventies.Now he is the Railway Minister in the National Cabinet.
94. Ambani Brothers ,Reliance Industries, one of corporate India's foremost business houses founded by Dhirubhai Ambani. The reins of the country's largest private sector company went to his sons Mukesh and Anil after his death in July 2002. The brothers are currently involved in an imbroglio as to who should own the Rs.6000 crore Industry.
95. SHAHRUKH KHAN(ACTOR) He has acted in some of the biggest blockbusters in Hindi cinema. He has an electric charisma that draws huge fans throughout the country.
96. Dr. Reita Faria Powell [1] (born Bombay,[2] date unknown) was the first Indian woman to win the Miss World title of 1966
97. Miss world 2000 is Priyanka Chopra, Miss World 1999 Yukta Mookhey, Miss world 1994 is Aishwarya Rai is from India.
****************************************
I hope that the following information should be very useful for school & college going students.
Regards,
Vikesh Malhotra
http://aonegermantranslations.synthasite.com
http://aonegermantranslations.weebly.com
http://aonegermantranslations.wordpress.com
|
|
