Management and Its Function

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Monitoring
4. Staffing
5. Directing
6. Motivating
7. Controlling

Planning: For every organization planning is the essential element. Without planning organization cannot stand. Planning is the process for accomplishing purpose. Planning is done so as to take decisions for future. Planning is the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired goal on some scale. Planning is the process of forecasting the future.

Organizing: Organizing is done after plan is decided. Organizing is done so as to rearrange elements by one or more rules. Organizing is concerned with the design of enterprise. Organizing an organization is done so as to get everything in the correct order and help an enterprise to run smoothly.

Monitoring: Monitoring is the regular observation and recording of activities taking place in an organization. It is a process of routinely gathering information on all aspects of an enterprise. Monitoring is done in an organization so as to identify the problems taking place in an organization and find its solution and observe proper utilization of resources.

Staffing: It has been an important aspect in all types of organization’s development. Organizations have noticed a good staffing plan could increase productivity and reduce operation costs in terms of lower turnover rate and transition costs. Good staffing could be able to minimize cost in order to maximize profit, because it could assist the company to stay more competitive within the industry. According to the definition by Dr. Green, "staff is the process of identifying work requirements within an organization; determining the number of people and the skills necessary to do the work; and recruiting, selecting and promoting the qualified candidates. It is the selection process of screening and hiring new employees, which includes functions like resume reviewing, interview, drug testing, assessment testing, and background check" (Green, 2003).

Directing: It has been described as “process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task”. Alan Keith of Genentech states that, "Directing is ultimately about creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen.” According to Ken Ogbonnia, "effective directing is the ability to successfully integrate and maximize available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment of organizational or societal goals."

Motivation: It is the activation or energisation of goal-oriented behavior. Motivation may be intrinsic or extrinsic. The term is generally used for humans but, theoretically, it can also be used to describe the causes for animal behavior as well. According to various theories, motivation may be rooted in the basic need to minimize physical pain and maximize pleasure, or it may include specific needs such as eating and resting, or a desired object, hobby, goal, state of being, ideal, or it may be attributed to less-apparent reasons such as altruism, morality, or avoiding mortality.

Controlling: Control is one of the managerial functions like planning, organizing, staffing and directing. It is an important function because it helps to check the errors and to take the corrective action so that deviation from standards are minimized and stated goals of the organization are achieved in desired manner. According to modern concepts, control is a foreseeing action whereas earlier concept of control was used only when errors were detected. Control in management means setting standards, measuring actual performance and taking corrective action.