Key features:
• access points that require very little network and device setup, with integrated software that has an internal webserver with easy-to-use interface accessible from any standard web browser
• rugged wireless routers that can be used in multiple network configurations, for long-distance point-to-point links or to connect multiple locations
• configurable with one or two radios and choices of antennas for a variety of network configurations including patch, 24dBi dish, or omni
• designed for the harshest environments with waterproofed and ruggedized cases, a waterproof sealed RJ-45 connectors
• lightning protection
Key hardware design features:
• One or two WiFi radio for use as point-to-point, point-to-multipoint WLAN or relay station
• Includes Power-Over-Ethernet injector, pole-mounting kit, and choice of patch, 24dBi dish, or omni antenna
• Operable from 12 VDC (110/240 VAC adaptor also available)
• Network connectivity links from 1km up to 100km
• Rugged, waterproof enclosure
• Network auto-sensing device for faster set-up

Applications
1. Business
• Provide coverage to a large office or business complex or campus.
• Establish point-to-point link between large skyscrapers or other office buildings.
• Bring Internet to remote construction sites or research labs.
• Simplify networking technologies by coalescing around a small number of Internet related widely used technologies, limiting or eliminating legacy technologies such as shortwave radio so these can be dedicated to uses where they actually are needed.
2. Residential
• Bring Internet to a home if regular cable/DSL cannot be hooked up at the location.
• Bring Internet to a vacation home or cottage on a remote mountain or on a lake.
• Bring Internet to a yacht or large seafaring vessel.
• Share a neighborhood Wi-Fi network.
3. Nonprofit/Government
• Connect widespread physical guard posts, e.g. for foresters, that guard a physical area, without any new wiring
• In tourist regions, fill in cell dead zones with Wi-Fi coverage, and ensure connectivity for local tourist trade operators
• Reduce costs of dedicated network infrastructure and improve security by applying modern encryption and authentication. In general, a wireless infrastructure has more and more robust security by default than wired infrastructure, which relies on physical access assumptions.
4. Military
• Connect critical opinion leaders, infrastructure such as schools and police stations, in a network local authorities can maintain
• Build resilient infrastructure with cheaper equipment than an impoverished war-torn region can afford, i.e. rather than using a military-class network technology that must leave with the developed-world military, use (and leave behind) commercial grade tools
• Reduce costs and simplify/protect supply chains by using cheaper simpler equipment that draws less fuel and battery power; In general these are high priorities for commercial technologies like Wi-Fi especially as they are used in mobile devices.

How to Build a WiFi Antenna to Receive the Internet
 

As everybody knows, a wireless network can increase the flexibility and usefulness of all your computers. Internet connection sharing, printers/peripherals sharing, File sharing, multiplayer ability, Internet telephony, and even home entertainment are all made more versatile and fun by the connection via wireless technology. Homemade wifi antennas offer more choices and DIY enjoyment, from soda can antennas to Pringles can antennas to coffee can antennas and big pie pan antennas. We'll detail the pie pan antenna here, because it yields the largest receiving surface of all the antenna designs, for the biggest signal boost.
Things Needed:
• U-shaped connector
• USB Wi-Fi adapter
• USB cable
• Metal pie pan (or wire strainer)
• 12’‘ piece of broom handle
• Drill
• Screws
• Metal cutters
How to Boost Your USB Wi-Fi Capability?
Pls find steps as below:
1. Purchase a USB Wi-Fi adapter.
2. Secure the pie pan (or wire strainer) to one end of a 12’’ piece of broom handle by drilling two holes into the pie pan and attaching the broom handle on the back side of the pie pan with a U-shaped connector that has screw holes on either side.
3. Cut a rectangular opening in the center of the bottom of your pie pan with the wire cutters. The opening should be able to hold the adapter snugly.
4. sert the adapter into your parabola (the pie pan). The increased surface of the parabola will boost your signal strength by 12 to 15 dB.
5. Connect a female-to-male USB cable to the Wi-Fi adapter.
6. Plug the male end of the USB cable into a USB port on your computer.
7. Follow the on-screen set-up instructions that came with the Wi-Fi adaptor to set the software for Wi-Fi reception. A set-up CD often comes with Wi-Fi adaptors, otherwise the software can be downloaded from the Internet, much like downloading a printer driver.
8. Position the antenna. Point the parabolic surface and the Wi-Fi adapter in the direction of your nearest access point.
9. Determine the best position of the antenna for maximum signal strength. Radio frequencies are very directional. You can gauge signal strength from the ability to quickly render web pages; or a freeware download like Easy Wi-Fi Radar will graphically display signal strength with a series of green, yellow and red dots, green being the strongest signal. wifi antenna.

Smart Antenna
Smart antennas (also known as adaptive array antennas, multiple antennas and recently MIMO) are antenna arrays with smart signal processing algorithms used to identify spatial signal signature such as the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signal, and use it to calculate beamforming vectors, to track and locate the antenna beam on the mobile/target. The antenna could optionally be any sensor.
There are two main functions of smart antennas: DOA estimation and Beamforming.
1.Direction of Arrival (DOA) Estimation
The smart antenna system estimates the direction of arrival of the signal, using techniques such as MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification), estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithms, Matrix Pencil method or one of their derivatives. They involve finding a spatial spectrum of the antenna/sensor array, and calculating the DOA from the peaks of this spectrum. These calculations are computationally intensive.
Matrix Pencil is very efficient in case of real time systems, and under the correlated sources.
2.Beamforming
Beamforming is the method used to create the radiation pattern of the antenna array by adding constructively the phases of the signals in the direction of the targets/mobiles desired, and nulling the pattern of the targets/mobiles that are undesired/interfering targets. This can be done with a simple FIR tapped delay line filter. The weights of the FIR filter may also be changed adaptively, and used to provide optimal beamforming, in the sense that it reduces the MMSE between the desired and actual beampattern formed. Typical algorithms are the steepest descent, and LMS algorithms.
Smart antenna techniques are used notably in acoustic signal processing, track and scan RADAR, radio astronomy and radio telescopes, and mostly in cellular systems like W-CDMA and UMTS.
Types of Smart Antennas
Two of the main types of smart antennas include switched beam smart antennas and adaptive array smart antennas. Switched beam systems have several available fixed beam patterns. A decision is made as to which beam to access, at any given point in time, based upon the requirements of the system. Adaptive arrays allow the antenna to steer the beam to any direction of interest while simultaneously nulling interfering signals. Beamdirection can be estimated using the so-called direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation methods.
In 2008, the United States NTIA began a major effort to assist consumers in the purchase of digital television converter boxes. Through this effort, many people have been exposed to the concept of smart antennas for the first time. In the context of consumer electronics, a "smart antenna" is one that conforms to the EIA/CEA-909 Standard Interface.

Limited Choice of EIA/CEA-909A Smart Antennas in the Marketplace
Prior to the final transition to ATSC Digital television in the United States on June 11, 2009, two smart antenna models were brought to market:
RCA ANT2000 -- no longer available from retailers
DTA-5000 -- sometimes associated with the Sylvania brand name; no longer available from retailers.
And two models are causing consumer confusion:
Although the Apex SM550 is capable of connecting to a CEA-909 port for the purpose of drawing electrical power, it is not a true smart antenna.
The unfortunately-named Channel Master 3000A SMARTenna is a conventional antenna, not a smart antenna.

Extension of Smart Antennas
Smart antenna systems are also a defining characteristic of MIMO systems, such as the IEEE 802.11n standard. Conventionally, a smart antenna is a unit of a wireless communication system and performs spatial signal processing with multiple antennas. Multiple antennas can be used at either the transmitter or receiver. Recently, the technology has been extended to use the multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver; such a system is called a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. As extended Smart Antenna technology, MIMO supports spatial information processing, in the sense that conventional research on Smart Antennas has focused on how to provide a beamforming advantage by the use of spatial signal processing in wireless channels. Spatial information processing includes spatial information coding such as Spatial multiplexing and Diversity Coding, as well as beamforming.
Smart antennas will lead to a much more efficient use of the power and spectrum, increasing the useful received power as well as reducing interference.
Published by Yingjie, the manufacturer of wifi antenna, omni antenna, mimo antenna.

How to Design a Helical Antenna?
What is helical antenna? A helical antenna is a high-gain directional antenna that can increase the range at which wireless devices can receive a signal. A helical antenna works well for trying to acquire a wireless signal at a distance. If you have a dead spot in your home's wireless network, you can use a helical antenna to increase reception in that area. A helical antenna can be constructed in a few hours using supplies readily available at the local hardware store and some basic hand tools.
 Materials & tools you'll need are as follows:
• Male N-type to coaxial converter the wireless card's external antenna connector
• 1/4 ‘‘ by 1 1/2 ‘‘ round head bolt with washer and nut
• N-type connector, female, bulkhead mount with solder tab
• 2 foot length PVC pipe, 1 1/2 ‘‘ internal diameter
• Drill and assorted drill bits from 1/4’’ to 3/4 ‘‘
• Wireless card with external antenna connector
• PVC end cap, 6 ‘‘ internal diameter
• PVC end cap, 1 1/2 ‘‘ internal diameter
• Tape measure
• Pencil
• 15 feet, 14 gauge copper wire
• Two 1 1/4 ‘‘ binder clips
• PVC adhesive
• Hacksaw
• Clean pie tin
• Tin snips
• Coaxial cable
• Soldering iron and solder
Step 1
Mark intervals at 1 3/16’‘ apart starting at the end of the PVC pipe, which will be the antenna's base.

Step 2
Wrap the copper wire around the pipe, 12 times in a clockwise direction, using the marked intervals for spacing guides. Clip the ends of the wire to the pipe with the binder clips to hold it in place while you wrap the pipe. Secure the copper fire to the pipe with a dot of glue per turn and let dry. Remove the binder once the glue has set.

Step 3
Cut a 2’‘ cross-section from one side of the small end cap with the hacksaw. The end cap should look like the letter "C" when done. Removing this section from the end cap creates clearance for the N-type connector.

Step 4
Cut the bottom from the pie tin using tin snips and fit it inside the large end cap. Glue it in place with a couple drops of adhesive.

Step 5
Drill 1/4’’ holes through the center of the large and small end caps.

Step 6
Drill a 5/8’’ hole 1 1/4’’ from the center hole in the large end cap.

Step 7
Place the small end cap inside the larger end cap. Slide the 1/4’’ bolt through both end caps with the threads pointed toward the inside of the antenna. Tighten them with the washer and nut.

Step 8
Place the N-type connector through the 5/8’’ hole with the solder tab facing inside.

Step 9
Connect the base end of the pipe to the small end cap and solder the end of the wire to the N-type connector's solder tab.

Step 10
Attach the wireless card to a computer. Remove the antenna and attach the male N-type to coaxial converter to the wireless card's antenna connector. Connect the female end of the N-type connector of the helical antenna to the male end connected to the wireless card with the coaxial cable.
Published by Yingjie, the manufacturer of wifi antenna, omni antenna, mimo antenna.