Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was established in the modern form during 1969 thanks to consorted efforts made by Sri S.K.Mitra, Sri Vikram Sarabhai, the father of the Indian Space Research, Sri Homi Bhabha, father of India's nuclear program and many more great scientists.

The prime objective of ISRO is to develop space technology and its application to various national tasks. There is some criticism on India’s spending on space exploration. Justifying our space exploration, Dr. A.P.J. Kalam, H.E. the former President of India and India’s most respectable scientist, once stated that Indians were to play meaningful role in the community of nations, they must be second to none in the application of advanced technologies to their real-life problems. They had no intention of using it as a mean to display our might.

With the advent of the Indian space program, emphasis was laid on indigenous, self-reliant and state-of-the-art development of technology for immediate practical applications in the fields of space science research activities in the country.

In this process, India successfully developed a sounding rockets program during the first phase (1960s-1970s), further research yielded the Satellite Launch Vehicle-3 by the 1980s, the more advanced Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) and advancement of launch vehicle technology resulting in the creation of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) technologies later on. ISRO has established two major space systems, INSAT for communication, television broadcasting and meteorological services, and Indian Remote Sensing Satellites (IRS) system for resources monitoring and management touching lives of every Indian either directly or indirectly.

However, it took 18 years for ISRO scientists to develop cryogenic motor after its bid to import the technology from Russia in 1992 failed because of opposition from the United States.

Cryogenic technology involves the use of rocket propellants at extremely low temperatures. The combination of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen offers the highest energy efficiency for rocket engines that need to produce large amounts of thrust. But oxygen remains a liquid only at temperatures below minus 1830 Celsius and hydrogen at below minus 2530Celsius. Building a rocket stage with an engine that runs on such propellants means overcoming engineering challenges.

Cryogenic boosters have only been successfully developed by the United States, Russia, France, Japan and China. Had the GSL-3 test been successful, India would have joined the elite club. Unfortunately, the test proved to be a failure since the two steering engines of the cryogenic stage failed to ignite.

Failure is the game of the life; it has nothing to do with the pride of the nation. Failures are the stepping stones for success. Even the so called Big-5s failed on several occasions before reaching to their present stage. India’s ISRO has the ability to bounce back and prove as it did in the past. Beyond any doubt I can say that India is going to join the elite club in the days to come with thumping success.